The Maalem's Craft
Zellij (Arabic: زليج) is not merely tilework; it is a spiritual discipline. Originating in the 10th century, this art form requires the patience of a saint and the precision of a mathematician.
The master craftsman, known as the Maalem, works from memory. He creates complex puzzles where a single panel may contain thousands of individual pieces. These are fitted together inverted, so the pattern is only revealed once the plaster sets and the panel is flipped—a blind act of faith.
Sacred Geometry
Zellij art is the visual expression of infinity. The patterns are based on tessellations—shapes that fit together perfectly without gaps.
The designs radiate from a central star, often with 8, 12, 16, or even 96 points. These patterns symbolize the unity of creation. In Tetouan, Fez, and Marrakech, these geometric complexities adorn the walls of palaces, inviting the viewer to contemplate the order of the universe.
The Palette of the Earth
True Zellij relies on a specific, historic color palette derived from natural minerals found in the Maghreb:
- Cobalt Blue (Fez)
- Emerald Green (Islam)
- Saffron Yellow (Sun)
- Zinc White (Purity)